LEXICAL EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS IN AVANT-GARDE GERMAN POETRY: BERNHARD LIERHEIMER

Abstract

Introduction. Modern studies of emotions of a mental category are extensively complemented with researches of the phenomenon of a literary category. Philologists explore a nominative nature of the emotional and the emotive (A. V. Zhukovska, A. S. Ilinskaya, G. V. Kireeva et al.), its structural (N. A. Krasavskiy, M. V. Pimenova, Ya. P. Rudkivskyi et al.), notional (M. M. Makovskiy, P. O. Selihei, V. N. Teliya et al.), semantic (G. S. Borodkina, P. A. Kuporosov, A. M. Manzii et al.), and communicative-pragmatic nature (M. D. Gorodnikova, Z. Z. Iskhakova, V. I. Shakhovskiy et al.).mPurpose. The purpose of our study is to analyze lexical units which denote emotions in avant-garde German poetry. Methods. A complex of interacting general scientific and special linguistic methods has been used for compassing the purpose, specifically, inductive and deductive methods, analysis and synthesis, structural and semantic, logical and semantic, contextual, and comparative methods, along with the elements of quantitative manipulation of data. Results. Principal findings of the study are connected with specification of the definition “avant-garde poetry”, highlighting of an avant-garde poet’s new emotional behaviour pattern, primary and secondary persona’s ambitions, stylistics, lexical semantics and morphology of empiric materials, classification of the vocabulary of the poems according to the thematic field approach, an objectification of each six marked thematic fields, “parts of speech” division of grammatical categories of words: a noun, an adjective, a pronoun, a verb, an adverb, prepositions, conjunctions, particles, interjections, a dominance of a noun as one of the linguistic means of breach of poetic canons, a standard (classical) and substandard (avant-garde) art of the early 21st century, lexical semantics of an original feeling, functions of English borrowings, semantic types of emotive and somatic vocabulary. Originality. Originality of the findings of the study involves the following: German avant-garde poetry of the early 21st century was analyzed by Ukrainian philologists for the first time, emotional behaviour pattern in a dynamic, changeable and spiritless world was highlighted, a semantic value of sememe Liebe was reconstructed; thematic fields were distinguished on the basis of German avant-garde poems as a total of persona’s emotional state for the first time. Originality is also related to way of perception of avant-garde German poetry, differentiation of the vocabulary according to the approach of grammatical and lexical-semantic categorization. As the findings of the study following conclusions were drawn: somatics in B. Lierheimer’s avant-garde poetry is characterized with an imprint of evaluation and reflects the author’s peculiarities of perception of the general and the particular, the qualitative and the quantitative; lexical expression of emotions is represented with emotive, somatic and common lexis. Emotive lexicon is correlated to personal emotional sphere and performs the corresponding function, somatic lexicon is related to human-being’s biological structure and points at a nominative function of non-verbal emotions, common lexis is connected with textual semantics and performs informative and communicative functions. Verbalization of emotions comprises in terms of morphology notional and auxiliary parts of speech. Notional parts of speech include nouns (10) Bäuchlein, Bröckelen, Glück (3), Schmerz (2), Schuld, Oberstübchen, Völkchen, adjectives (18) ängstlich (2), fiebrig, lustig (3), ruhig, schaurig (2), schmerzhafte, schmunzeld, schüchtern, schweigend, traurig (3), verwundert, wund, verbs (12) enttäuschen, entweichen, erschrecken, kränken, lachen, lächeln (3), quälen, sich wundern, weinen (2). Conclusion. Predominance of emotive adjectives testifies the author’s intention to depict and characterize persona’s emotional state or express an emotional background of events. Auxiliary parts of speech are represented with emotive particles (32) doch (24), nun (4), nur (4) and emotional interjections (3) Ach, Ach so, ach. An inalterability of emotive particles which is determined through positions indicates activation of isolating language features in modern German.