CATEGORY ASPECT: INVARIANT PROBLEM ASPECTS, STATUS AND CHARACTER OF THE ASPECTS OPPOSITION

Анотація

Introduction. The article presents one of the Ukrainian verb facets, that of the close connection between the implicit and explicit components of the dynamic multi-level aspectology category, that is the decisive influence of the aspectual-relevant class incorporating the verb lexeme, on the verb aspect peculiarities. The chief approach to the description of aspectuality regarded by Lyons as objectivist had been created by Maslov and Wendler in the mid 20^th century being later established by the aspectuality studies of the late 20^th- early 21^st century, in the so called “binary” aspect theory. It proves the necessity of applying aspectual analysis for the whole number of meanings and all contexts of the verb since aspectual classes (lexical component of aspectuality) and the category of aspect (grammatical component of aspectuality) are not aimed at a verbal lexeme in general but at each lexical-semantic variant of the lexeme. Ignoring this factor, in our opinion, results in cute polemics over numerous aspectual issues which originated through the attempts to force the aspect into rigid category framework, beyond the influence of various triggers on the aspectual significance of the verb.

Purpose. Through all this, the article is aimed at applying the objectivist approach to describing the verbal aspect that enables, with the appropriate research instrumental means, to create a real and detailed, though not schematic, aspectual “picture” of a poly-semantic verbal lexeme. Рurpose of the article specification of the invariant of the aspects semantics, categorical status of the verbal form in the grammatical system of modern Ukrainian language.

Methods. Integrated аspect diagnostics as integration methodology, which involves the purposeful use of logical, component, word-forming, oppositional and distributive analysis, selection of the corps of fragments discourse.

Results. The aspect not belong to the word changes, nor to the classification categories. From the positions of the traditional division he has only representations, correlated with their manifestation. The aspects is a category of special, mixed, or rather, conglomeration type. Through all this, the article is aimed at applying the objectivist approach to describing the verbal aspect that enables, with the appropriate research instrumental means, to create a real and detailed, though not schematic, aspectual “picture” of a poly-semantic verbal lexeme.

Originality. Objectivist approach to aspectuality category in the Ukrainian is most generally outlined that proves the necessity for further linguistic investigation of coordinating grammar and vocabulary in the realm of the Ukrainian verb. That is just the problem of connection of the aspectual behavior in verbs to the peculiarities of their lexical meaning, and, eventually, to the evidently specified extralingual situations that appears to stay under consideration.

Conclusion. Aspectual studies being generally orientated in an objectivist way, together with the immediate consideration of the aspect influencing the grammatically specified lexical phenomena, like the aspectual regarded verbal classes, are new to the Ukrainian lingual studies, though quite natural in the process of investigating formal grammatical and functioning grammatical traits of the Ukrainian verbal aspect. Analysis the aspect associated with the discovery of a specific specificity of the species behavior of the verbs in view of various factors of influence: paradigm, syntagmatics, pragmatics.