ROLE OF M. NOVYTSKYI IN STUDY OF CHRONOLOGY OF T. SHEVCHENKO’S LIFE AND CREATIVE WORK

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. The role of M. Novytskyi as a specialist in study of T. Shevchenko’s life and works is investigated in the articles of V. Miiakovskyi, В. Kravtsiv, P. Odarchenko, S. Pavlychko, F. Sarana, S. Bilokin, V. Dudko, V. Smilianska. This subject dedicated thesis “Role of M. М. Novitskyi in the becoming and development of Shevchenko studies in 1920’ˢ–1960’ˢ” (Кarpinchuk G.V. – K., 2015). Purpose is to provide detailed analysis of M. Novytskyi’s work «A short chronological groundwork of Taras Shevchenko’s life and creative works», published in the edition «Kobzar’: selected poems» (1934). Methods of study: comparative; textual and analytical; typological and biographical. Results. In the article «A short chronological groundwork of Taras Shevchenko’s life and creative works» the most important periods of life and work of T. Shevchenko are represented. Scientist studied all known on that time literary works (autographs, poems, prose, correspondence, diary) of T. Shevchenko and him works of art, memories of contemporaries about poet, works of Shevchenko studies of М. Chalyi, О. Konyskyi. More of used archival documents in this work was discovered by M. Novytskyi. Chronology complited by M. Novytskyi consist of fundamental events of life and works of T. Shevchenko. Chilhood, arrival at Petersburg, meeting with Ye. Grebinka, W. Zhukovskyi, W. Grugorovych, K. Bruyllow, studying in Academy of arts are described. Scientist noted success of T. Shevchenko, in particular obtaining of silver medals by painter for works «Fighter» (1839), «The Beggar Boy Giving Bread to a Dog» (1840), «Gipsy Fortune Teller» (1841), editions “Kobzar” (1840), «Haidamaky» (1841). M. Novytskyi ascertained time of first journey of poet in Ukraine indicated that it was continued from spring 1843 to February 1844. According to author’s opinion that more significant to T. Shevchenko was year 1844, when he published album «Picturesque Ukraine» and selected works «Chygyrynskyi’s Kobzar and Gaidamaky», «Gamaliia», «Tryzna». In the article «A short chronological groundwork of Taras Shevchenko’s life and creative works» М. Novytskyi for the first time determined route of second journey of T. Shevchenko in Ukraine (March 1845 – April 1847). In contrast to M. Chalyi and О. Konyskyi, М. Novytskyi extended information about life of poet in exile. For the first time М. Novytskyi determined route Aralsk expedition and part in it of T. Shevchenko. Thanks to discovered by him of «Case about painter T. Shevchenko, Levytskyi, Golovko», scientist investigated arrest of poet in April 1850 and him transfer in Novopetrovsk fortification, where T. Shevchenko had wrote prose works «Musician», «Twins», diary (12 June 1857 – 13 July 1858). In the article М. Novytskyi determined route of poet return from Novopetrovsk fortification to Petersburg (exit 2 August, residence in Astrahan, Saratov, Nyzhnii Novgorod, where poet was writing of poem «Neophytes», portraits of M. Brylkin, P. Ovsiannykov, I. Gras, К. Shreiders. М. Novytskyi ascertained logical and chronology succession of events about third journey of T. Shevchenko in Ukraine (1859). This information he received in documents from archive of Department of police, Kyiv Podil and Volyn governor-general archive. In the article «A short chronological groundwork of Taras Shevchenko’s life and creative works» М. Novytskyi noted works that were written by poet in last years of him life, investigated history about «Kobzar» published in 1860. Originality. For the first time the role M. Novytskyi as author «A short chronological groundwork of Taras Shevchenko’s life and creative works» published in the edition «Kobzar’: selected poems» is detailed analysis. Conclusion. Using archival materials (the documents about three arrests of the poet in the years 1847, 1850, 1859, letters, memories, diary), the scholar wrote the most detailed chronology of life and work of T. Shevchenko at that time, which created the necessary prerequisites for arising the books written by A. Anisov, Ye. Sereda («The cronicle of life and work of T. Shevchenko» (1959, 1976)), M. Tkachenko («The cronicle of life and work of T. Shevchenko» (1961)).