ARCHAIC GRAMMATICAL FORM OF NUMERALS IN THE STRUCTURE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE

Abstract

Introduction. Word change system of numeral which is recorded in Ukrainian stable units, is marked by a considerable number of differences primarily in phonetic design. On this basis, it is important to identify the types and to describe the features of numeral usage of word forms in the structure of phraseology.

Purpose of the article is to identify and to explore ancient grammatical forms of numerals as structural components of idioms which are recorded in literary and dialectal sources of the Ukrainian language.

Methods. As the main one the descriptive method is used with elements of comparative-historical for inventory, classification of archaic grammatical phenomena of numerals from other non-literary forms. The method of component analysis is involved to study the old forms of numerals and to determine the characteristics of their use in the Ukrainian phraseology

Results. The proposed exploration describes the main types of residues of numeral inflection and their shaping in a part of idiomatic fund of the Ukrainian language; semantic features of old numeral word forms in the structure of stable units are defined. It is established that the numerals in the composition of the phraseology do not finally lose the basic lexical load, but vice versa contribute to the formation of new shades of meaning of resistant units. The usage of the same numeral in different phraseological units helps semantization of different meanings. The received results will serve as a basis for further development of the theoretical aspects of phraseology of the Ukrainian language.

Originality. In the work executed outdated grammatical features of structural components of stable combinations of words are studied, including some of the first ten numerals and some complex and compound word forms of numerals.

Conclusion. So, in the component structure of phraseology mostly some phonetically modified numeral units of the first dozen and residues of dual forms are recorded. Numeral grammatical forms differ in their meanings in the formation of general semantics stable units. Some of them form a coherent semantic center of phraseological nomination, others play only an important role in the synthesis of the meanings of the phraseological unit. The quality of idioms to give a figurative description of reality is determined by the fact that numerals as the components of phraseology are acquiring qualitative feature which in this or that measure alienates them from their own etymology. The perspective is a further analysis of archaic forms which are recorded in the composition of idiomatic fund of the Ukrainian language, particularly it is important to establish the area of distribution of numeral grammatical archaisms in the structure of stable units.